It has been proven that heat flows from a higher temperature to a lower temperature. Heat pumps are however designed so that they have the capability to force the heat against the stated theory, where they are forced to flow from lower temperature to high temperature by using high quality energy at a very small consumption. Therefore, they can transfer heat from the surroundings, for instance the air, water or ground, or even heat sources from the industrial as well as domestic waste.
Heat pumps required external energy to transport the heat from a source to the heat sink. The total amount of heat delivered should be the same as the amount of heat extracted from its source theoretically. They consume less primary energy compared to the conventional heating systems. Thus, they play a big role in reducing gas emissions such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides as well as sulphur dioxide, which then will help to preserve the environment. However, how much heat pumps have an impact to the environment is based on how much electricity is produced by them. They generate electricity by using hydropower or renewable energy which reduces the emission of dangerous gasses compared to the electricity obtained from coal and oil.
Most of the pumps available today operate either in vapour compression or absorption cycle. Heat pumping theoretically can be obtained a number of thermodynamic cycles and processes which are Stirling and Vuilleumier cycles, solid-vapour sorption systems and single phase cycles and etc. The heat produced by pumps is usually not as intense as the one produced by gas or oil burning. A lot of people love the warmth produced, as it can be distributed evenly throughout the whole house without any cold spots left behind. Therefore, these pumps are highly efficient in conserving non- renewable energy and they are able to provide maximum output.
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